Potenza, Italy - Contribution of the Romanian Team

RESIDENCY AND CITIZENSHIP

-In Romania and partners countries-

Citizenship in France

• The right of a person to live and work in France depends on their citizenship as follows:
  

1.Non-European Union Citizens:
A Carte de Séjour, also known as a Titre de Séjour, is a residence permit required by French law for any non-European Union citizen staying in France for a period longer than three months.
2. European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) Citizens:
All EU citizens from the original accession countries, and EEA citizens and their family members have the right to live and work in France and do not require a work or residence permit.

EU Citizens: Definitions of Residence:
Foreigners in France are either active - working, or inactive - not working. Slightly different rules apply to each set and are defined as follows:
-Active: Anyone who is receiving an income in France from employment or self-employment.
-Inactive: Anyone who is not engaged in economic activity; is not employed or self-employed in France.
a) Active: rights of residence
EU citizens have the same rights to work and employment protection as a French citizen.
In order to exercise these rights, an active EU citizen needs to be able to show proof of employment.
b)Inactive: Student application for residence permit, optional
A student resident in France for a period less than five years may apply for an CE
student residence permit which is valid for a maximum of one year and can be renewed.
3) New EU Accession countries:
Citizens of the new EU member states Bulgaria and Rumania may live in France but there are limitations on the sectors in which they may be employed. These rulings apply for seven years from the point of the member country's accession to the EU. From 1 July 2008 many restrictions were removed for citizens of Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Limitations may also apply to non-EU citizens who hold residency permits from new accession states.

Potenza, Italy - Contribution of the Turkish Team

The Impacts of the Internal Migration

Although migration appears change in geographical location in the first sight, it is a fact that the causes of migration and its results have a great impact on individuals and society. Migration, which occurs as a result of changes in the economical,cultural,psychological and political structures of social transformation, causes important alterations in social structure especially in the western part of Turkey.

SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS

a-Accommodation Difficulties

Potenza, Italy - Contribution of the Czech Team

Prejudices

Gymnázium Hladnov, Slezská Ostrava, příspěvková organizace

Contents

     1. The most common prejudices

Authors: Sabina Šrámková, Zuzana Lusková, Tereza Měsícová, Anna Doležalová, Jana Kodrlová, Veronika Cholevová, Hana Pastorková, Barbora Kalousková, Aneta Plačková

      2. Slapstick

Authors: Denis Kubajura, Hana Pastorková, Barbora Kalousková, Nina Bajuszová

     3. Mixed marriages – interviews

Authors: Ivana Kadlčíková, Sandra Ogrodníková, Lenka Žárská

     4. Famous immigrants from Czech republic

Authors: Lucie Gőrlichová, Lucie Křesťanová, Natálie Konečná, Kateřina Koutníková

Coordinators: Mgr. Martina Baseggio, Ing. Zdena Ruszová 

The most common prejudices

All of us have prejudices. It can be prejudice about animals, government or love. But the most common prejudices are about people. Preferentially about people from different countries.

We don't think that it is great to have a prejudice. We don't like if someone says that every Czech is a thief. We also don't like if someone says that everyone in Italy is mafioso. And we can actually go on without end.

Because of that we chose five most common prejudices about every country which cooperate with us in our project and overcomed those presumptions. We hope you will agree with us. 

So many countries, so many customs

As we know, each country has its own customs, habits etc. If you are an emigrant in country which is unknown for you, you have to face many different ways of living.

You may think that the naked truth is to adopt the different ways of living. But is it the real true? Do you realy have to pray before dinner if you are in Turkey? Or do you have to celebrate Christmas on 24th Deceber if you are in Czech republic?

We don't think that all of these ones are true. Of course you have to adopt some customs but you can also bring some of your traditions to other countries. You can mix your customs and different customs. In the end we have union of two different cultures, of two different countries. Isn't it lovely?

This is the right way how to adopt immigrants with the view of understanding and intelligence. We can be friends no matter if he prays before dinner or celebrates Christmas on the other day.

In this article you will be shown many customs in Italy, Turkey, France, Romania and in the Czech republic. We decided to make this list for you because maybe you'll take a fancy of some different custom and assume it for a rest of your live!

Potenza, Italy - Contribution of the Italian Team

LICEO SCIENTIFICO “ GALILEO GALILEI” , POTENZA -ITALY

Comenius Project - “ Cross Perspectives on exile”

Potenza 24-30 October 2010

STAGES OF THE WORK

1. Books on the migration question in Italy

2. Reception and integration

3. Media in Italy

4. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights :

Human Dignity

5. Conclusion

BOOKS ON THE MIGRATION QUESTION IN ITALY

“ ALL OF THEM MUST GO BACK : the policy of reject” by Laura Boldrini

Laura Boldrini has been working in UN agencies for over twenty years .

Since 1998 she has been the spokesman for the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

In recent years she has carried out numerous missions in key areas of crisis, including Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Sudan, the Caucasus, Rwanda and Angola. This work deals with the problems of refugees .

Sayed is twenty years old. When he was eleven, he had to flee from Afghanistan, leaving his mother and his home, to escape those who wanted to force him to fight with the Talibans. He arrived in Italy after a nine-year journey, including times of hardship and imprisonment, treated in an inhumane way. Sayed's story is just one of many stories gathered by Laura Boldrini in his long experience at the forefront. Today the public debate tends to treat immigrants and refugees equally, without distinction, presenting them as a threat to security. Refugees, as victims of schemes and conflicts, are described as dangerous. The author tells about the injustices committed by European governments against immigrants and about the “policy of reject” by the Italian government, but also describes Italy's solidarity, often obscured by the media, the men who threaten their lives to save shipwrecked at sea from the coast of Africa. 

Potenza, Italy - Contribution of the French Team

French contribution on second thought about the impact of the exile and the migrations

For this last part of our researches, it seemed to us impossible to be exhaustive.

That is why we concentrated, first, on a work concerning the European and French laws.

Then it seemed, to us, necessary to go out of the even "pessimistic» vision of the exile, to light how much this last one can be source of economic wealth indeed ,but especially cultural treasures.

Our «French culture «would not be what it is, without the processes of acculturation, constant during our history.

The forms of cultural expression (painting, literature, music, cinema….), besides, gives us to see and to understand the exile.

EUROPEAN CIRCULATION RIGHTS

The Schengen area

The space and the cooperation Schengen are established on the treaty Schengen of 1985.

The Schengen area consists of 25 European countries. Certain States are members of the European Union, but do not belong to the Schengen area. (United Kingdom and Ireland). Two other countries, Norway and Iceland, are not members of the European Union, but are however associated to the Schengen area by virtue of an agreement of cooperation concluded with the other States Schengen. The Schengen area is a space of free movement of people. By virtue of the Agreement of application of the Agreement of Schengen of June 14th, 1985, 25 member states eliminated every control of the persons during the crossing of their internal borders.

Since December 21st, 2008, the Schengen area of free movement of people contains 24 countries: the countries of the European Union, with the exception of Ireland and of the United Kingdom which participate only in a part of Schengen capacities , as well as of Bulgaria, Cyprus and Rumania; on the other hand, Norway and Iceland adhered to it. As a rule, Switzerland will be a member of this European space from November 1st, 2008.

Report : Ostrava

Report of the project meeting in Ostrava, from 8th to 14th of April 2010

Host School: GYMNAZIUM HLADNOV, SLEZSKA OSTRAVA,CZECH REPUBLIC
Teachers: Martina Baseggio, Petra Janasová, Jana Kondziolková , Denis Kubajura,
Participating schools:
LYCÉE ARISTIDE BERGÈS, SEYSSINET-PARISET, FRANCE
Teachers : ; Martine Dupuis, Alain Croquelois Students:
LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE « GALILEO GALILEI », POTENZA, ITALY
Teachers: Elisabetta Grimaldi, Maria Grazia Blumetti; students: Bevilacqua Michele,
Molinari Monica, Orlando Chiara, Aicale Rocco, Matera Olga, Pasqui Andrea, Sileo
Angelica, Telesca Sergio.
COLEGIUL NATIONAL “CONSTANTIN CARABELLA”, TÂRGOVISTE,
ROMANIA
Teachers: Gabriela Tache, Claudia Rusu, Aurelian-Daniel Tache; students : Iordanescu
Irini, Ioana Raisa, Roxana Dobre, Cristescu Daniel, Vlad Butucea, Teodor Uta, Balan
Andrei, Hossu Oana Maria
DUNDAR CILOGLU ANADOLU LISESI,MANISA,TURKEY
Teachers:Pelin Aydın, Sezgi Poyraz,Selami Arı, Hilmi ınal ; students : Nurten
Bayraktar,Ebru Çetin,Berk Uçar, Pınar Karsıyaka,Fatih Yazgün,Simay Güzel,Sedef
Yıldırım,Armağan Yücel Sahin,Berk Güler
GYMNAZIUM HLADNOV,SLEZSKA OSTROVA,P,CZECH REPUBLIC
Teachers: Petra Janasová, Jana Kondziolková;students: Denis Kubajura, Vojtech Lampart
David Horvath, Katerına Koutnikova, Zuzana Lusková, Lenka Žárská, Tereza Chorovská

Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 5] - Contribution of the Romanian Team

Romania

A view of Romania’s demographic situation:

A population which very soon will enter the 20th year of decline, coming from both natural decrease (since 1992) and negative net external migration (since 1990).

Evolution of Romania's population between 1990 and 2007

Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 4] - Contribution of the Turkish Team

Turkey

THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF MIGRATION IN TURKEY

Migration is a very important phenomenon in urbanization process and mostly has negative effects and this movement brings a lot of new kinds of problems to urban life.The movement related to rapid increase in population is one of the general characteristics of developing countries.Since Turkey is a developing country,too she becomes face to face with many problems.Because of migration towards cities, different settlements occured and are still occuring in the centres and surrondings of cities. As a result these movements spoil the general structure of urban with new social problems carried by them.

Migration:

• turns cities to villages in physical and social aspects
• increases the crime rate and criminal attempts in cities
• increases the problems in municipal services
• causes a decrease in health services ,which is already inadequate.
• causes loss of productive power and capital in rural areas
• adds more problems to existing ones
• causes problems generating from different life styles
• creates demand for a better life such as housing,jobs,schools…etc.And this demand puts urban life out of order and disintegrates the urban system.
• Cities started to be something like a big station. People are coming and going. No one knows each other, no friendship, no relationship.
• Difference between the urban and the rural is about to disappear.
• That the old population resist the idea of migration and that they don’t want to leave their homeland result in the families shattering or the old people becoming introverted and isolated from social life.

Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 3] - Contribution of the Italian Team

Italy

IMMIGRATION IN ITALY TODAY : SOCIAL ISSUES

Italy is a country of immigration as well as emigration.
Italy has seen an important immigration flow during the past 20 years. Given its position in the centre of the Mediterranean, with over 8,000 kilometers of coastline, Italy is considered the most accessible entrance to Europe by many migrants.

Immigration law

New legislation to regulate immigration into Italy came into force in August 2002, and a decree on procedures for regularising the situation of illegal immigrants already in the country was adopted in September by the centre-right government.
Law No. 189 of 30 July 2002, known as the 'Bossi-Fini law' after the names of the politicians who proposed it, introduces new clauses. The most significant aspects of the law are as follows:

• each year, before 30 November, the Prime Minister will lay down the number of non-EU workers who can be admitted into Italy in the following year;
• there are no limitations to entry into Italy for highly-skilled workers (university lecturers and professors, professional nurses etc);

Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 2] - Contribution of the Czech Team

Czech Republic

SOCIAL IMPACT OF MIGRATION

I. MIGRATION AND EMPLOYMENT

The Czech Republic is very attractive for investors, because it has lot of advantages. It is situated in Central Europe, and it has a long tradition of industry, a good quality educational system, political and economic stability and cheap labour compared with Western Europe. This all is a bunch of good reasons for foreign investors to come. Investors from abroad are the main reason for the rise of the economy and the reduction of unemployment, which is very important for the Czech Republic.

Primary migration (legal)

Economic migration
People have a lot of reasons for migration, like economic, political or personal reasons. Immigrants get to a labour market and they are contributing to economic changes by that.
Immigrants' impact
Individual trends of global international migration are affected by specific factors, which are generally known as "push" and "pull" factors. On this basis, international migration can be divided into two main streams: economic migration and political migration.
A labour migrant can be narrowly defined as a person who enters the country as a foreign labourer invited by the government or the future employer. It can also be a person who entered the country alone to find a job. Labour migration can be divided into different types according to the term – longer-term duties, seasonal work, cross-border business activities etc.

Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 1] - Contribution of the French Team

Cross perspectives on exile
Social Impacts of migration
Meeting in Ostrava 08/04/2010–14/04/2010

Report : Manisa

Report of the project meeting in Manisa, from 22nd to 28th of February
2010

Host School: DÜNDAR ÇILOĞLU ANADOLU LISESI,MANISA
Teachers: Pelin Aydın,Melih Yılmaz,Sezgi Poyraz,Selami Arı,Ercan Ayyıldız ; students :
Đrem Özardıç,Tuğba Kalpak, Hazal Baysan,Gökçem Senkoyun,Nurten Bayraktar,Ebru
Çetin,Berk Uçar,Laçin Naz Tascılar,Melike Nur Candemir,Nazlı Akar,Pınar
Karsıyaka,Leyla Betül Feyiz,Fatih Yazgün,Mustafa Toygar Varlı,Uğur Doğan Can
Dalbudak,Alptuğ Kafkaslı,Simge Nur Yıldız,Cansunay Karaman,Ecem Kocabıyık,Simay
Güzel,Sedef Yıldırım,Armağan Yücel Sahin,Berk Güler,Yasemin Erden,Melis
Đnce,Berkin Barut
Participating schools:
LYCÉE ARISTIDE BERGÈS, SEYSSINET-PARISET, FRANCE
Teachers : ; Martine Dupuis, Alain Croquelois students: Micheal Biyaga, Adrien Grillot,
Etienne Veyret, Lorelei Peysson, Chloe Decret, Alexandra Dubouchet, Sophie Lesaint
LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE « GALILEO GALILEI », POTENZA, ITALY
Teachers: Elisabetta Grimaldi, Grazia Leoci; students: Giusy Sarli, Maddalena Lauria,
Angela Marino, Flavia Trezza, Massimiliano Bochicchio, Antonio Cillis
COLEGIUL NAłIONAL “CONSTANTIN CARABELLA”, TÂRGOVISTE
,ROMANIA
Teachers: Gabriela Tache, Emilia Elena Lixandru; students : Đrini Iordanescu, Claudia
Michalescu, Roxana Dobre, Alina Trandafir, Vlad Butucea, Teodor Uta
GYMNAZIUM HLADNOV,SLEZSKA OSTROVA,P,CZECH REPUBLIC
Teachers: Petra Janasová, Jana Kondziolková;students: Denis Kubajura, Vojtech Lampart
David Horvath, Katerına Koutnikova, Zuzana Lusková, Lenka Žárská, Tereza Chorovská

1.The meeting Programme

Manisa, Turkey : Causes of migration [Part 2] - Contribution of the Romanian Team, Contribution of the Italian Team, Contribution of the Czech Team

ROMANIAN TEAM



Causes of migration in Romania

During the 20th Century the migration process developed significantly. The causes were mainly political. In this period, Romania was predominantly a country of emigration. A large number of people decided to head for the United States, mostly the population of Transylvania. Because of major political change, the Hungarian population in this area emigrated back to their country. In spite of the large number of Hungarians who leaved (approx. 200000 ethnics), they remained the most important minority in Romania.
During the Second World War, the bulk of the Jewish population living on Romania‘s present territory was deported. Following the Second World War, approximately 70.000 ethnic Germans were deported to the Soviet Union, and many more were forcibly relocated within Romanian territory. This happened because of the war and for ethnical and religious reasons.

Manisa, Turkey : Causes of migration [Part 1] - Contribution of the French Team, Contribution of the Turkish Team

FRENCH TEAM

This booklet contains articles written by students participating in the multilateral Comenius
project “Cross Perspectives on Exile”, and the causes of migration in each country.

Part One ("Introduction” and “The causes of the migration in France”,"The French view on Turkish migration",pages 4 to 12) has been written by the students ( Micheal Biyaga , Adrien Grillot, Etienne Veyret, Lorelei Peysson, Chloe Decret, Alexandra Dubouchet, Sophie Lesaint) from the Aristide Berges High School, under the guidance of the teachers Alain Croquelois, Martine Dupuis, Nicole Clapie, and Francoise Sainte-Rose.

Part Two (“Causes of migration in Turkey”, "Causes of Italian migration", pages 13 to 26) represents the contribution of students from Dündar Çiloglu Anadolu Lisesi (Irem Özardiç,Tugba Kalpak, ,Nurten Bayraktar,Ebru Çetin,Pinar Karsiyaka,Leyla Betül Feyiz,Fatih Yazgün,Mustafa Toygar Varli,Simge Nur Yildiz,Simay Güzel,Sedef Yildirim,Armagan Yücel Sahin,Berk Güler) coordinated by the teachers Pelin Aydin, Melih Yilmaz,Ercan Ayyildiz, Sezgi Poyraz and Selami Ari.

Programme in Turkey

LIFELONG LEARNING PROGRAMME MULTILATERAL COMENIUS PARTNERSHIP

“Cross Perspective on Exile”

Programme of the Second Project Meeting in Manisa : from 22nd to 28th of February 2010

• Monday, 22nd February,2010

The arrival of the participants – Hotel accomodation

• Tuesday, 23rd February,2010

9.30 – Meeting the local authorities , members of the local community and the Local Media
12.30 – Visiting Dündar Çiloğlu Anadolu Lisesi and meeting the Headmaster
Mr.Hilmi Önal and the colleagues.
Lunch with parent – family association.
13.30 – Opening of the Project meeting.
Programme Briefing , aims of the meeting
Deciding the groups of the students
Taking the expectation of the students about this meeting
14.00 - Working on the causes of migration in France
15.00 – Friendly Match(Basketball,voleyball,football)to let the students know each other
19.00 – Welcome dinner with participants.

• Wednesday, 24th February,2010

9.00 – Working on the causes of migration in Italy
10.00 – To present the causes of migration of partner countries
France-Turkey
Italy-France
11.00 – Coffee Break
11.30 – Evaluation of the causes of migration in
Italy and France with all groups
12.00 – Working on the causes of migration in Romania
13.00 – Lunch Time with the participants(At a restaurant)
14.30 – Working on the causes of migration Czech Republic
15.30 – To present the causes of migration of partner countries
Czech Republic-Romania
Romania-Czech Republic
16.30 – Evaluation of the causes of migration in Romania and Czech Republic
17.00 - Free Time

• Thursday, 25th February,2010

9.00 – Causes of migration in Turkey
10.00 – To present the causes of migration of the partner country
Turkey-Italy
10.30 –Visit the museum ,Muradiye Mosque,Mevlevihane
Lunch
13.30 – The performance of the Turkish project team
(A Play about migration)
14.30 – Discussion about the events reflected in the play to find out the similarities and the differences in each partner country situation
15.00 – Free afternoon/ Short trip to Izmir (It depends on the weather )

• Friday, 26th February,2010
9.00 – Selection of the documents and photos about the causes of migration in each country.
11.00-Coffee Break
11.30-common Work on the documents
13.00 –Lunch Time
13.30 – Common work on the documents(Talking about the subject that will take place during the Project meeting in Ostrova,Czech Republic)
Farewell speeches ,impression of the students
14.30-Closing the meeting
15.00-Friendly Match
16.00 – Free Time

• Saturday, 27th February,2010

8.00 – A one-day Exercusion to Şirince,Seljuk,Virgin Mary,Ephesus,Kuşadası
19.00 – Departure Time

• Sunday, 28th February,2010
Departure of the participants

Glossary

ACCULTURATION (Acculturation, Acculturazione, Aculturaţie, Kültürel Etkileşim) is the exchange of cultural features that results when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first hand contact; the original cultural patterns of either or both groups may be altered, but the groups remain distinct.

ASYLUM (Asile, Asílo, Azil, İltica, Asyl):
Right of asylum (or political asylum, Greek: ἄσυλον ) is an ancient juridical notion, under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his or her own country may be protected by another sovereign authority, a foreign country, or Church sanctuaries(as in medieval times). In contemporary international law, asylum is the protection granted to a foreign citizen by a state against that individual's home state.


ASSIMILATION (Assimilation, Integrazione, Asimilare, Asimilasyon, Proniknutí): The process whereby a minority group gradually adopts the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture. The expression of their identity and their specific socio-cultural origin are confined to the private sphere.

BIRTHRIGHT (Droit du sang, Diritto di nascita, Drept dobândit prin naştere, Doğuştan kazanılan hak, Rodná práva): a right or privilege that you are entitled to at birth. Right to acquire citizenship based on parentage.


BRAİN DRAİN



(Fuite des cerveaux, Fuga dei cervelli, Exodul creierelor, Beyin göçü, Únik mozků): a large emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge, normally due to conflict, lack of opportunity or political instability.

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in the Czech Republic - Contribution of the Czech Team

MIGRATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Legend about the foundation of Czech land

According to myth, some Slavic people from an area between the Vistula River and Carpathian mountains set off in search of plentiful lands to the west. Forefather Čech and his brother, Lech, led them. After a long time (maybe years) traveling, they arrived to busky land.

Forefather Čech climbed Říp mountain and looked around the land. Then, he allegedly said: "Oh, comrades, you endured hardships along with me, when we wandered in impassable woods; finally we arrived at our homeland. This is the best country predestined for you. Here you will not miss anything, but you will take pleasure of permanent safety. Now that this sweet and beautiful land is in your hands, think up suitable name".

The Bohemians named their homeland after their leader and forefather, Čechy. Čech means "one of us". Touched, Čech replied: "God bless our Promised Land, by thousands fold wishes wishful from us, save us scathe-less and breed our issue from generation to generation, amen".

Čech has been duke of his land for a long a time. There was peace in his land, nobody thieved, etc. But after Čech's death, morals hardly worsened.

Targoviste, Romania : Brief history of migration in Romania - Contribution of the Romanian Team

BRIEF HISTORY OF MIGRATION IN ROMANIA

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Romania was predominantly a country of emigration. In this period, the first large-scale outflow occurred in the context of the great wave of Eastern European migration to North America. It was mostly the population of Transylvania (incorporated into Romania after 1918) that was engaged in this outflow; in the first decade of the 20th century alone, a quarter of a million inhabitants of this province (with a total population of 4.8 million in 1900) immigrated to the United States.

In the wake of territorial changes in the course of the First and Second World Wars, Romania experienced large-scale population transfers. Approximately 200.000 ethnic Hungarians left Transylvania (which had been passed from Hungarian to Romanian authority) between 1918 and 1922.

As a result of the re-annexation of the northern part of Transylvania to Hungary in 1940, and in the framework of a population exchange agreement between Hungary and Romania, 220.000 ethnic Romanians left Northern Transylvania (then under Hungarian rule) and moved to territories under Romanian control. At the same time, 160.000 ethnic Hungarians relocated from Romanian to Hungarian territories.

During the Second World War, the bulk of the Jewish population living on Romania’s present territory was deported (by either Romanian or Hungarian authorities); the Holocaust reduced Romania’s Jewish population of 780.000 people by half. Following the Second World War, approximately 70.000 ethnic Germans were deported to the Soviet Union, and many more were forcibly relocated within Romanian territory.

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in Turkey - Contribution of the Turkish Team

CHRONOLOGICAL TURKISH MIGRATIONS


First of May 1923 and Afterwards

(The migration of Exchange between Greece and Turkey)

Reason: The exchange agreement between the two countries signed in Lausanne on 30 January 1923.

Exchange migrations occurred between Greeks in Turkey and Turks in Greece by the agreements made with Greece after the Independence War. According to Lausanne Treaty (Exchange Article), after the Independence War, many people immigrated to Turkey (384.000 people, between 1923 -1933).

Targoviste, Romania : Italian Migration - Contribution of the Italian Team

HISTORY OF ITALIAN MIGRATION FROM 1900 TO TODAY

At the beginning the XX century Italy underwent a wide emigration flow. The feelings of the migrants landing in the new countries were mixed. On the one hand there was a desire to succeed and make a fortune to contrast poverty, unemployment, disasters caused by the war, by the persecutions of the dictatorship suffered in Italy; on the other hand there was a longing for everything belonging to life in their country.

The migrants remained abroad for the time they needed to earn some 'extra money’ to live a better life once back to Italy. During the century the total number of emigrants was approximately 29 000000, about half of the population in Italy at that time. The contemporary generations choose a more relaxed way to emigrate and this detachment from home is less traumatic.

Italian migration can be divided into five main phases:

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in France - Contribution of the French Team

MIGRATION IN EUROPE

A brief history

INTRODUCTION

There are nearly one billion migrants in the world. Three quarters of them move within their country. And among those who migrate abroad, less than 30% are moving from a developing to a developed country.

For centuries, Europe was a land of departure to the Crusades, to the colonies, in the New World, for religious missions or international trade. Nowadays it has become a continent of immigration. Since centuries, European identity has been constructed by a permanent contact with other cultures. Immigration in Europe, however, is marked by the history of each of its member countries.

The 27-EU has 490 million inhabitants; more than 25 million are foreigners, some coming from outside Europe.

Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece have become countries of immigration, especially from the neighbouring countries (Albanians, Tunisians, Moroccans, Romanians, etc.).

Even if nowadays there is freedom of movement for all European citizens in its territory, the Europeans are not very mobile: only 5 million people live in a foreign country that is only 1.5% of the people in working age. But this percentage has been rising since the last entry of 10 new countries in the EU (ex. Poland, Romania and Bulgaria).

The first project meeting - Targoviste, Romania (21st-27th October 2009)

THE FIRST PROJECT MEETING

TARGOVISTE - ROMANIA,
21ST TO 27TH OCTOBER 2009


Host school: “Constantin Carabella” National College, Târgovişte
Participating schools:
Lycée Aristide Bergès, Seyssinet-Pariset, France
Liceo Scientifico Statale « Galileo Galilei », Potenza, Italy
Manisa Dündar Çilo, Manisa, Turkey


Wednesday, 21st October 2009
Arrival of the participants. Welcoming them into the team

Thursday, 22nd October 2009

8: 30 Visit on Carabella National College
9:00 Brief presentations of the educational system in Romania
10:00 Demo lesson: Applications – Primitives, 12th grade, teacher Nicoleta Folea
Demo lesson: Etat d’âme en cuisine, 12th grade, teacher Roxana Popa
11:00 Debate:
Romania between Orient and Occident, 11th grade, teacher Daniel Tache
12:00 Feeback about the demo lessons
13:00 Lunch
16:00 Official Opening of the Project Meeting (Participants: teachers and students from the partner schools, representatives of the local authorities, local media, parents, members of the local community)
Welcome Speeches
Programme Information, Goals & Aims of the Meeting
20:00 Welcome Dinner with the Principal of the Carabella College, Mr. Gheorghe Matei