Ostrava, Czech Republic : Impact of migration [Part 1] - Contribution of the French Team

Cross perspectives on exile
Social Impacts of migration
Meeting in Ostrava 08/04/2010–14/04/2010

Report : Manisa

Report of the project meeting in Manisa, from 22nd to 28th of February
2010

Host School: DÜNDAR ÇILOĞLU ANADOLU LISESI,MANISA
Teachers: Pelin Aydın,Melih Yılmaz,Sezgi Poyraz,Selami Arı,Ercan Ayyıldız ; students :
Đrem Özardıç,Tuğba Kalpak, Hazal Baysan,Gökçem Senkoyun,Nurten Bayraktar,Ebru
Çetin,Berk Uçar,Laçin Naz Tascılar,Melike Nur Candemir,Nazlı Akar,Pınar
Karsıyaka,Leyla Betül Feyiz,Fatih Yazgün,Mustafa Toygar Varlı,Uğur Doğan Can
Dalbudak,Alptuğ Kafkaslı,Simge Nur Yıldız,Cansunay Karaman,Ecem Kocabıyık,Simay
Güzel,Sedef Yıldırım,Armağan Yücel Sahin,Berk Güler,Yasemin Erden,Melis
Đnce,Berkin Barut
Participating schools:
LYCÉE ARISTIDE BERGÈS, SEYSSINET-PARISET, FRANCE
Teachers : ; Martine Dupuis, Alain Croquelois students: Micheal Biyaga, Adrien Grillot,
Etienne Veyret, Lorelei Peysson, Chloe Decret, Alexandra Dubouchet, Sophie Lesaint
LICEO SCIENTIFICO STATALE « GALILEO GALILEI », POTENZA, ITALY
Teachers: Elisabetta Grimaldi, Grazia Leoci; students: Giusy Sarli, Maddalena Lauria,
Angela Marino, Flavia Trezza, Massimiliano Bochicchio, Antonio Cillis
COLEGIUL NAłIONAL “CONSTANTIN CARABELLA”, TÂRGOVISTE
,ROMANIA
Teachers: Gabriela Tache, Emilia Elena Lixandru; students : Đrini Iordanescu, Claudia
Michalescu, Roxana Dobre, Alina Trandafir, Vlad Butucea, Teodor Uta
GYMNAZIUM HLADNOV,SLEZSKA OSTROVA,P,CZECH REPUBLIC
Teachers: Petra Janasová, Jana Kondziolková;students: Denis Kubajura, Vojtech Lampart
David Horvath, Katerına Koutnikova, Zuzana Lusková, Lenka Žárská, Tereza Chorovská

1.The meeting Programme

Manisa, Turkey : Causes of migration [Part 2] - Contribution of the Romanian Team, Contribution of the Italian Team, Contribution of the Czech Team

ROMANIAN TEAM



Causes of migration in Romania

During the 20th Century the migration process developed significantly. The causes were mainly political. In this period, Romania was predominantly a country of emigration. A large number of people decided to head for the United States, mostly the population of Transylvania. Because of major political change, the Hungarian population in this area emigrated back to their country. In spite of the large number of Hungarians who leaved (approx. 200000 ethnics), they remained the most important minority in Romania.
During the Second World War, the bulk of the Jewish population living on Romania‘s present territory was deported. Following the Second World War, approximately 70.000 ethnic Germans were deported to the Soviet Union, and many more were forcibly relocated within Romanian territory. This happened because of the war and for ethnical and religious reasons.

Manisa, Turkey : Causes of migration [Part 1] - Contribution of the French Team, Contribution of the Turkish Team

FRENCH TEAM

This booklet contains articles written by students participating in the multilateral Comenius
project “Cross Perspectives on Exile”, and the causes of migration in each country.

Part One ("Introduction” and “The causes of the migration in France”,"The French view on Turkish migration",pages 4 to 12) has been written by the students ( Micheal Biyaga , Adrien Grillot, Etienne Veyret, Lorelei Peysson, Chloe Decret, Alexandra Dubouchet, Sophie Lesaint) from the Aristide Berges High School, under the guidance of the teachers Alain Croquelois, Martine Dupuis, Nicole Clapie, and Francoise Sainte-Rose.

Part Two (“Causes of migration in Turkey”, "Causes of Italian migration", pages 13 to 26) represents the contribution of students from Dündar Çiloglu Anadolu Lisesi (Irem Özardiç,Tugba Kalpak, ,Nurten Bayraktar,Ebru Çetin,Pinar Karsiyaka,Leyla Betül Feyiz,Fatih Yazgün,Mustafa Toygar Varli,Simge Nur Yildiz,Simay Güzel,Sedef Yildirim,Armagan Yücel Sahin,Berk Güler) coordinated by the teachers Pelin Aydin, Melih Yilmaz,Ercan Ayyildiz, Sezgi Poyraz and Selami Ari.

Programme in Turkey

LIFELONG LEARNING PROGRAMME MULTILATERAL COMENIUS PARTNERSHIP

“Cross Perspective on Exile”

Programme of the Second Project Meeting in Manisa : from 22nd to 28th of February 2010

• Monday, 22nd February,2010

The arrival of the participants – Hotel accomodation

• Tuesday, 23rd February,2010

9.30 – Meeting the local authorities , members of the local community and the Local Media
12.30 – Visiting Dündar Çiloğlu Anadolu Lisesi and meeting the Headmaster
Mr.Hilmi Önal and the colleagues.
Lunch with parent – family association.
13.30 – Opening of the Project meeting.
Programme Briefing , aims of the meeting
Deciding the groups of the students
Taking the expectation of the students about this meeting
14.00 - Working on the causes of migration in France
15.00 – Friendly Match(Basketball,voleyball,football)to let the students know each other
19.00 – Welcome dinner with participants.

• Wednesday, 24th February,2010

9.00 – Working on the causes of migration in Italy
10.00 – To present the causes of migration of partner countries
France-Turkey
Italy-France
11.00 – Coffee Break
11.30 – Evaluation of the causes of migration in
Italy and France with all groups
12.00 – Working on the causes of migration in Romania
13.00 – Lunch Time with the participants(At a restaurant)
14.30 – Working on the causes of migration Czech Republic
15.30 – To present the causes of migration of partner countries
Czech Republic-Romania
Romania-Czech Republic
16.30 – Evaluation of the causes of migration in Romania and Czech Republic
17.00 - Free Time

• Thursday, 25th February,2010

9.00 – Causes of migration in Turkey
10.00 – To present the causes of migration of the partner country
Turkey-Italy
10.30 –Visit the museum ,Muradiye Mosque,Mevlevihane
Lunch
13.30 – The performance of the Turkish project team
(A Play about migration)
14.30 – Discussion about the events reflected in the play to find out the similarities and the differences in each partner country situation
15.00 – Free afternoon/ Short trip to Izmir (It depends on the weather )

• Friday, 26th February,2010
9.00 – Selection of the documents and photos about the causes of migration in each country.
11.00-Coffee Break
11.30-common Work on the documents
13.00 –Lunch Time
13.30 – Common work on the documents(Talking about the subject that will take place during the Project meeting in Ostrova,Czech Republic)
Farewell speeches ,impression of the students
14.30-Closing the meeting
15.00-Friendly Match
16.00 – Free Time

• Saturday, 27th February,2010

8.00 – A one-day Exercusion to Şirince,Seljuk,Virgin Mary,Ephesus,Kuşadası
19.00 – Departure Time

• Sunday, 28th February,2010
Departure of the participants

Glossary

ACCULTURATION (Acculturation, Acculturazione, Aculturaţie, Kültürel Etkileşim) is the exchange of cultural features that results when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first hand contact; the original cultural patterns of either or both groups may be altered, but the groups remain distinct.

ASYLUM (Asile, Asílo, Azil, İltica, Asyl):
Right of asylum (or political asylum, Greek: ἄσυλον ) is an ancient juridical notion, under which a person persecuted for political opinions or religious beliefs in his or her own country may be protected by another sovereign authority, a foreign country, or Church sanctuaries(as in medieval times). In contemporary international law, asylum is the protection granted to a foreign citizen by a state against that individual's home state.


ASSIMILATION (Assimilation, Integrazione, Asimilare, Asimilasyon, Proniknutí): The process whereby a minority group gradually adopts the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture. The expression of their identity and their specific socio-cultural origin are confined to the private sphere.

BIRTHRIGHT (Droit du sang, Diritto di nascita, Drept dobândit prin naştere, Doğuştan kazanılan hak, Rodná práva): a right or privilege that you are entitled to at birth. Right to acquire citizenship based on parentage.


BRAİN DRAİN



(Fuite des cerveaux, Fuga dei cervelli, Exodul creierelor, Beyin göçü, Únik mozků): a large emigration of individuals with technical skills or knowledge, normally due to conflict, lack of opportunity or political instability.

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in the Czech Republic - Contribution of the Czech Team

MIGRATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

Legend about the foundation of Czech land

According to myth, some Slavic people from an area between the Vistula River and Carpathian mountains set off in search of plentiful lands to the west. Forefather Čech and his brother, Lech, led them. After a long time (maybe years) traveling, they arrived to busky land.

Forefather Čech climbed Říp mountain and looked around the land. Then, he allegedly said: "Oh, comrades, you endured hardships along with me, when we wandered in impassable woods; finally we arrived at our homeland. This is the best country predestined for you. Here you will not miss anything, but you will take pleasure of permanent safety. Now that this sweet and beautiful land is in your hands, think up suitable name".

The Bohemians named their homeland after their leader and forefather, Čechy. Čech means "one of us". Touched, Čech replied: "God bless our Promised Land, by thousands fold wishes wishful from us, save us scathe-less and breed our issue from generation to generation, amen".

Čech has been duke of his land for a long a time. There was peace in his land, nobody thieved, etc. But after Čech's death, morals hardly worsened.

Targoviste, Romania : Brief history of migration in Romania - Contribution of the Romanian Team

BRIEF HISTORY OF MIGRATION IN ROMANIA

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Romania was predominantly a country of emigration. In this period, the first large-scale outflow occurred in the context of the great wave of Eastern European migration to North America. It was mostly the population of Transylvania (incorporated into Romania after 1918) that was engaged in this outflow; in the first decade of the 20th century alone, a quarter of a million inhabitants of this province (with a total population of 4.8 million in 1900) immigrated to the United States.

In the wake of territorial changes in the course of the First and Second World Wars, Romania experienced large-scale population transfers. Approximately 200.000 ethnic Hungarians left Transylvania (which had been passed from Hungarian to Romanian authority) between 1918 and 1922.

As a result of the re-annexation of the northern part of Transylvania to Hungary in 1940, and in the framework of a population exchange agreement between Hungary and Romania, 220.000 ethnic Romanians left Northern Transylvania (then under Hungarian rule) and moved to territories under Romanian control. At the same time, 160.000 ethnic Hungarians relocated from Romanian to Hungarian territories.

During the Second World War, the bulk of the Jewish population living on Romania’s present territory was deported (by either Romanian or Hungarian authorities); the Holocaust reduced Romania’s Jewish population of 780.000 people by half. Following the Second World War, approximately 70.000 ethnic Germans were deported to the Soviet Union, and many more were forcibly relocated within Romanian territory.

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in Turkey - Contribution of the Turkish Team

CHRONOLOGICAL TURKISH MIGRATIONS


First of May 1923 and Afterwards

(The migration of Exchange between Greece and Turkey)

Reason: The exchange agreement between the two countries signed in Lausanne on 30 January 1923.

Exchange migrations occurred between Greeks in Turkey and Turks in Greece by the agreements made with Greece after the Independence War. According to Lausanne Treaty (Exchange Article), after the Independence War, many people immigrated to Turkey (384.000 people, between 1923 -1933).

Targoviste, Romania : Italian Migration - Contribution of the Italian Team

HISTORY OF ITALIAN MIGRATION FROM 1900 TO TODAY

At the beginning the XX century Italy underwent a wide emigration flow. The feelings of the migrants landing in the new countries were mixed. On the one hand there was a desire to succeed and make a fortune to contrast poverty, unemployment, disasters caused by the war, by the persecutions of the dictatorship suffered in Italy; on the other hand there was a longing for everything belonging to life in their country.

The migrants remained abroad for the time they needed to earn some 'extra money’ to live a better life once back to Italy. During the century the total number of emigrants was approximately 29 000000, about half of the population in Italy at that time. The contemporary generations choose a more relaxed way to emigrate and this detachment from home is less traumatic.

Italian migration can be divided into five main phases:

Targoviste, Romania : Migration in France - Contribution of the French Team

MIGRATION IN EUROPE

A brief history

INTRODUCTION

There are nearly one billion migrants in the world. Three quarters of them move within their country. And among those who migrate abroad, less than 30% are moving from a developing to a developed country.

For centuries, Europe was a land of departure to the Crusades, to the colonies, in the New World, for religious missions or international trade. Nowadays it has become a continent of immigration. Since centuries, European identity has been constructed by a permanent contact with other cultures. Immigration in Europe, however, is marked by the history of each of its member countries.

The 27-EU has 490 million inhabitants; more than 25 million are foreigners, some coming from outside Europe.

Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece have become countries of immigration, especially from the neighbouring countries (Albanians, Tunisians, Moroccans, Romanians, etc.).

Even if nowadays there is freedom of movement for all European citizens in its territory, the Europeans are not very mobile: only 5 million people live in a foreign country that is only 1.5% of the people in working age. But this percentage has been rising since the last entry of 10 new countries in the EU (ex. Poland, Romania and Bulgaria).

The first project meeting - Targoviste, Romania (21st-27th October 2009)

THE FIRST PROJECT MEETING

TARGOVISTE - ROMANIA,
21ST TO 27TH OCTOBER 2009


Host school: “Constantin Carabella” National College, Târgovişte
Participating schools:
Lycée Aristide Bergès, Seyssinet-Pariset, France
Liceo Scientifico Statale « Galileo Galilei », Potenza, Italy
Manisa Dündar Çilo, Manisa, Turkey


Wednesday, 21st October 2009
Arrival of the participants. Welcoming them into the team

Thursday, 22nd October 2009

8: 30 Visit on Carabella National College
9:00 Brief presentations of the educational system in Romania
10:00 Demo lesson: Applications – Primitives, 12th grade, teacher Nicoleta Folea
Demo lesson: Etat d’âme en cuisine, 12th grade, teacher Roxana Popa
11:00 Debate:
Romania between Orient and Occident, 11th grade, teacher Daniel Tache
12:00 Feeback about the demo lessons
13:00 Lunch
16:00 Official Opening of the Project Meeting (Participants: teachers and students from the partner schools, representatives of the local authorities, local media, parents, members of the local community)
Welcome Speeches
Programme Information, Goals & Aims of the Meeting
20:00 Welcome Dinner with the Principal of the Carabella College, Mr. Gheorghe Matei